                  ஠ᥬ   M80 
                  ==================== 

			ঠ

	  ...........................................
1.	  祭  ᫮ ਬ ஠ᥬ.....
2.	    ᭮ 樨 몠...............
2.1.	  ᭮  몠............................. 
2.1.1.	  .............................................
2.1.2.	  ᫠, ⠭  ப...........................
2.1.3.	  ᪨ .................................
2.2.	  ࠦ...........................................
2.2.1.	  䬥᪨  ᪨ 樨................
2.2.2.	  ᮫  ६頥 .....................
2.2.3.	  譨 뫪......................................
2.3.	  ⠪ ᥬ ।..................
2.3.1.	  ⪠...............................................
2.3.2.	  ............................................
2.3.3.	  ࠭  ਬ砭...............................
2.4.	  ᥢ.......................................
2.4.1.	  ᥢ ६饭...........................
2.4.1.1.  ASEG................................................
2.4.1.2.  COMMON..............................................
2.4.1.3.  CSEG................................................
2.4.1.4.  DSEG................................................
2.4.2.	  DB - । ................................
2.4.3.    DC - । ᨬ..............................
2.4.4.	  DS - । .............................
2.4.5.	  DW - । ᫮...............................
2.4.6.	  END.................................................
2.4.7.	  ENTRY/PUBLIC........................................
2.4.8.	  EQU.................................................
2.4.9.	  EXT/EXTRN...........................................
2.4.10.	  INCLUDE.............................................
2.4.11.	  NAME................................................
2.4.12.	  ORG -  稪 .........................
2.4.13.	  PAGE................................................
2.4.14.	  SET.................................................
2.4.15.   TITLE...............................................
2.4.16.	  SUBTTL..............................................
2.4.17.	  .COMMENT............................................
2.4.18.	  .PRINTX.............................................
2.4.19.	  .RADIX..............................................
2.4.20.	  .REQUEST............................................
2.4.21	  ᫮ ᥢ............................. 
2.4.21.1. ELSE...............................................
2.4.21.2. ENDIF..............................................
2.4.23.	  ६饭 । 㧪........................
2.5.	  ப  ...............................
2.5.1.	  ନ.......................................
2.5.2.	   REPT-ENDM.....................................
2.5.3.	    IRP-ENDM.....................................
2.5.4.	   IRPC-ENDM.....................................
2.5.5.	  MACRO..............................................
2.5.6.	  EXITM..............................................
2.5.7.	  LOCAL..............................................
2.5.8.	  樠 ம  .................
3.	  㪮⢮  ᯫ樨  M80........
3.1.	  饭  . 室  室 .
3.2.	   樨...................................
3.3.	  ଠ ⨭....................................
3.4.	  饭  訡...............................
4.	  ணࠬ 뢮 ४ 뫮...............


                        

      㪮⢮ ᮤন ᢥ  ஠ᥡ M80.
ᠭ  ஠ᥬ,ᥢ  ப.
ਢ 㪮⢮  ᯫ樨 ஠ᥡ M80. 
  㪠,  맢 ஠ᥬ,   祩
ࠢ ᮬ 樨. ਢ ᯨ᮪ ᮮ饭  
訡.
     । 祭  㪮⢠,室 -
  ⥬  ய 58080.


     1. 祭  ᫮ ਬ ஠ᥡ 

     ஠ᥬ -    ᨬ᪮ 設-
ਥ஢  몠  (몠 ᥬ).    ८ࠧ
室 ணࠬ,ᠭ ,ᠭ  몥 ஠-
ᥬ, ६頥 .  쭥襬   -
騪 L80    ᪮ (   㣨
ﬨ)  ணࠬ,⮢  믮.
     ਬ ।    -
騥 ⪨ ணࠬ ଫ   ப.
     ᯮ짮 ஠ᥬ ⥫쭮 砥 -
ᠭ ணࠬ    䥪⨢ ᯮ짮 
 .
     ஠ᥬ 室  ᪥   䠩  
                      M80.COM   


     2.   ᭮ 樨 몠 

     2.1. ᭮  몠

     2.1.1. 

      ᫮  몠 80 ନ  ᨬ.
 ⢥ ᨬ  ᯮ짮:
     -㪢 ⨭᪮ 䠢  A  Z ;
     -  0  9 ;
     -ᯥ樠 ᨬ + - , : ; ( ) ' # $ ஡ ;

     2.1.2. ᫠, ⠭  ப
      
     ᫠ -   16- 稭. ᫮ ᥣ
  ⥬ ᫥  㬮砭,᫨   
 ᯥ樠쭮 :

    NNNNNNNN B        - 筮    (  N - 0  1 )
    
    NNNN O  NNNN Q - ᬥ筮 (  N - 0...7 ) 

    NNNN H  NNNN X - ⭠筮 (  N - 0...9,
                        A,B,C,D,E,F ),᫨  ᨬ
                         , ।    0
                        0NNNN H  0NNNN X

      㬮砭  ᫠   筮 ⥬
᫥.  ०  .   
.RADIX    ᭮ ⥬ ᫥ 
2  16. ९  ᫥ ᫠      
騬  訥 16 .
     쭠 ⠭ -  ப, ᮤঠ  
 ᨬ  .
     祭 ᨬ쭮 ⠭, ᮤঠ饩  ᨬ,
 稭 ᫥ 祭 ᮮ⢥饣 ,
ਭ⮣  樮 ⥬ () CP/M. ਬ, -
 ⠭ "A" 㤥 41H.
     祭 ᨬ쭮 ⠭, ᮤঠ饩  ᨬ,
㤥 塠⮢ ᫮, 祬  襬  㤥 祭
ࢮ ᨬ ,   襬  - 祭 ண ᨬ.
ਬ, 祭 ⠭ "AB" 㤥 ᫮ 41H*256+42H. 
     ப -   ᨬ, 祭  窨 
. 窨 ⠪   ⮬ ப,    
⮬   㤢. ਬ, ।

        DB """"""

 ப

       ""

     ᫨  窠  ᨬ,  ⠪ ப 㤥
⮩ ப.

     2.1.3.  

     ᪨   ᮤঠ  ⢮ ᨬ-
,  騬   6 ᨬ.   -
⨬ ᫥騥 ᨬ:

     㪢  A  Z ,   0  9 , $ , . , ? , @

᪮    稭  .
      ࠡ⪥  㪢   ॣ ॢ 
㪢 孥 ॣ. 


     2.2. ࠦ

     2.2.1. 䬥᪨  ᪨ 樨

      ࠦ ⨬ ᫥騥 樨, ਢ 
浪 뢠 ਮ  믮.

	NUL
	LOW,HIGH
	*,/,MOD,SHR,SHL
	 
	+,-
	EQ,NE,LT,LE,GT,GE
	NOT
	AND
	OR,XOR

       浪 믮 権  ᯮ짮-
 ᪮.  ᫥ ࠦ ᭠砫 믮 -
樨, 騥  ᮪ ਮ.  ࠦ,ᮤ-
騥 樨   ᮪ ਮ⮬,   -
 ।.
      樨 , ஬ +,-,*,/,   ⤥  -
࠭  ࠩ   ஡. 樨 뤥 
(HIGH,LOW) 뤥 訥  訥 8   ᮫⭮ 
16-⭮ 稭. ᫨  ⢥ ࠭ ᯮ -
頥 稭,  HIGH  LOW   樨,
ࠡ騥  ᮬ .

     2.2.2. ᮫  ६頥 

      ᨬ᪨ , ᯮ㥬  ⢥ ࠭
 ࠦ,   ᮫ ,  ६頥
. ६頥  ࠧ  ணࠬ ६-
頥 , ६頥    COMMON (. 2.4.1.).
      ᨬ᪨ , ᥬ஢  ᥢ
ASEG,CSEG ( 㬮砭)  DSEG, ⭮  ᮫, -
६頥 ணࠬ  ६頥  ᮮ⢥⢥.
⢮  COMMON  ணࠬ   ᫠ 
COMMON,   ணࠬ   ᥢ 
COMMON.  ᨬ᪨  COMMON  ࠧ묨, ᫨
   ࠧ  COMMON.
       樨, ஬ ᫮  ⠭,  -
࠭   ᮫묨.
      ᫮ ਬ ᫥騥 ࠢ:

1)  ࠩ    ࠭   ᮫; 
2) ᮫⭮ + ६頥 = ६頥

      ⠭  ࠢ:

1) ६頥 - ᮫⭮ = ६頥
2) ६頥 - ६頥 = ᮫⭮

     祬  2)     ६頥묨 
 ⨯.
       ஬筮 蠣  ᫥ ࠦ
 믮 㪠 ࠢ,  㤥 뤠
ᮮ饭  訡. ਬ, ᫨ FOO,BAZ  ZAZ -  ᨬ-
᪨ ६頥 ,  ࠦ:

	FOO + BAZ - ZAZ

     ࠡ⠥ ᮮ饭  訡, ..  ࢮ 蠣 
᪫뢠  ६頥 . ⮣  ,-  
 ᪮:
  
	FOO + (BAZ - ZAZ)

     2.2.3. 譨 뫪

     ᪮    譨 (EXTRN)  
(.. 2.2.9.). 譥  ᥬ  2 . 
ᯮ짮 譨   ࠦ  믮
᫥騥 ࠢ:

1) EXTRN ⨬ ⮫쪮  ᫮  ⠭;
2) ᫨  ࠦ ᯮ  ⨯ EXTRN, 
    १ ᥣ 㤥 EXTRN;
3)  ᫮  ࠭ (   ६)
     EXTRN;
4)  ⠭ ⮫쪮  ࠭   EXTRN.


     2.3. ⠪ ᥬ ।

     ᥬୠ ணࠬ ⮨  ᫥⥫쭮
।.  ।  ᫥ :

	⪠: () (࠭) ;ਬ砭

     ᥬ 易⥫쭮, ⮡ । 稭  
⪨.


     2.3.1. ⪠

     ⪠ -  ᨬ᪮ , ᫥ ண ᫥
稥. ᫨ ⪠ ,      
⮬ ।. 祭 ⪨  ⥪饥 祭
稪 . ᫨ ᫥ ⪨   ,  ⠪
⪠ ' ७ ( PUBLIC )     -
  㣮 ணࠬ.
 

     2.3.2. 

     騬 ⮬ ᫥ ⪨  ,᫨  ⪨
 .  ⢥   :

	1)  ய 58080 ;
	2) ஢맮 ;
	3) ᥢ ;
	4) ࠦ.

     ᫨    ⮨ ࠦ,  ᥬ -
ᬠਢ   ᥢ DB.

     2.3.3. ࠭  ਬ砭

     騬 ⮬ ।  ࠭.  -
ᨬ     ࠭   , 
 ᪮쪮 ࠭.
      ⢥ ࠭  ᯮ짮  
ய 58080.  ⮬ ᫥ 뢠,  
⨬ ࠭ 㤥 ⮫쪮   .
	ਬ.
	
	MVI A,JMP
	ADI CPI
	MVI B,RNZ
	CPI INX H
	ACI LXI B
	MVI C,MOV A,B

     ᫨  ࠭ 㤥 祭    (CPI 5,
LXI B,LAM,JMP A5),  㤥 뤠 ᮮ饭  訡.
     ਬ砭  ᫥ ⮬ ।. -
砭 ᥣ 稭  ᨬ ;  稢 CR ().


     2.4. ᥢ

     2.4.1. ᥢ ६饭

     ⫨⥫쭮 ᮡ ஠ᥬ 80 
ᮧ  ६頥 㫥. ६頥  -
砥  ⫠  ஢,   ࠬ
 ᪮쪨 㫥, ᠭ  ࠧ 몠. ஬ ⮣,
ணࠬ  ࠧ  ᥭ  㪠,  ᥣ-
  ࠧ ⮫쪮   (ᥣ ),    
  ᥭ   (ᥣ ᮤঠ騥 ணࠬ). 
ᥣ ᮧ   ᥢ DSEG  CSEG. ᥢ-
 ASEG ᯮ  ᮧ ६頥 (᮫-
) . ᥢ COMMON ᮧ 騥   
    ணࠬ  COMMON.
       ᥣ ணࠬ ASEG, CSEG  DSEG -
 ᢮ 稪 ,  ਮ⠭  
ᬥ ⨯ ᥣ   ,  ᭮ -
 ᮮ⢥騩 ᥣ. 祭 稪   
ᥣ     ᥢ ORG (.2.4.12).
      㬮砭 ᥣ  ᥤ CSEG.

     2.4.1.1. ASEG

     ଠ ᥢ:

	ASEG

     ASEG ⠭ 祭 稪   ᮫
ᥣ  . 祭 稪 㤥 த ।-
饣 ASEG ( 㬮砭 0), ᫨ ᫥ ASEG  ⮨ ORG. 


     2.4.1.2. COMMON

     ଠ ᥢ:

     COMMON /" "/
 
     COMMON ⠭ 稪    ࠭
饣  .  ᮢ⨬  ஬ COMMON 
   ᥣ 㪠뢠  砫 . ᫨
" " 饭  ⮨  ஡,   COMMON  
⠥ .


     2.4.1.3. CSEG

     ଠ ᥢ:

     CSEG


     CSEG ⠭ 祭 稪   ᬥ饭
⭮⥫쭮 砫 ᥣ , ᮤঠ饣  . 
祭  㤥 ᮮ⢥⢮ 祭 ।饣 CSEG
( 㬮砭 0), ᫨ ⮫쪮 ᫥ CSEG  ⮨ ᥢ
ORG.  ᥬ CSEG  ᥢ  㬮砭.


     2.4.1.4. DSEG

     ଠ ᥢ:

     DSEG

     DSEG ⠭ 祭 稪 ᥣ   
⭮⥫  ᥣ , ᮤঠ饣 . -
祭  㤥 ᮮ⢥⢮  ᫥ DSEG (
㬮砭 0), ᫨  뫮 ᥢ ORG.


     2.4.2. DB - । 

     ଠ ᥢ:

     DB "ࠦ","ࠦ",...   
     DB "ப" ["ப"...]

     㬥⠬  DB   ࠦ  ப. DB -
 祭 ࠦ  ᨬ  ப  ᫥-
⥫  , 稭  , 㪠  稪
. 祭 ࠦ     .
᫨ 訩  १ 0  255,  ᮮ饭  訡
 뤠.  ⨢ 砥 뤠 訡 .
      ࠦ   ⢮ ப, ᮤঠ騥
 2- ᨬ. 訩   , ⢥ 
ᮮ⢥騩 ᨬ, ࠢ .

	:

	0000'  41 42     DB 'AB'
	0002'  42        DB 'AB' AND 0FFH
	0003'  41 42 43  DB 'ABC'


     2.4.3. DC - । ᨬ


     ଠ ᥢ:

     DC "ப"

     DC  ᨬ,  "ப",᫥⥫쭮,
稭  , 㪠  稪 .  ⫨稥  DB
 , ᮤঠ饬 ᫥ ᨬ ப,  襬 ࠧ拉
⮨ 1. ᫨ ப ,  뤠 ᮮ饭  訡.



     2.4.4. DS - । 

     ଠ ᥢ:

     DS "ࠦ"

     DS १ࢨ  . 祭 ࠦ -
, ᪮쪮 ⮢   १ࢨ஢.  ,
騥  ࠦ,   ।   -
᫥ ࠦ  ࢮ 室 ஠ᥬ.  -
⨢ 砥  ࢮ 室 䫠 V,   ஬
室 - 䫠 U. ᫨ ஬ 室 䫠 U  ,  
 ࠢ  㫥   訡, .. DS ࠡ뢠 
 ࢮ 室.


     2.4.5. DW - । ᫮

     ଠ ᥢ:

     DW "ࠦ","ࠦ",...

     DW ᫥⥫쭮 뢠 祭 ࠦ  祩
, 稭  , ᮤঠ饣  稪 . -
祭 ࠦ  塠⮢ 稭.


     2.4.6. END

     ଠ ᥢ:

     END "ࠦ"

      END 㪠뢠   ணࠬ. ᫨ -
 "ࠦ",   㪠뢠  ⮢  -
ࠬ. ᫨ "ࠦ" ,  騪 L80
⮢   ।.

	*) ਬ砭.
	᫨ ᥬୠ ணࠬ  ᭮ ணࠬ-
	  ,      㪠 -
	 .  ⨢ 砥 騪 L80 뤠 
	ᮮ饭  訡 " ⮢ ". ᫨ 
	ᥬୠ ணࠬ  ணࠬ  ⭮-
	襭  ணࠬ, ᠭ, ਬ,  ,
	 ⮢    , ..  㤥
	  ᭮ ணࠬ.


     2.4.7. ENTRY/PUBLIC

     ଠ ᥢ:

     ENTRY "","",...  
     PUBLIC "","",...

     ENTRY  PUBLIC   , 騥  
ᯨ᪥,  ७, 㯭 . ᫥ ⮣  ⠪ 
    㣨 ணࠬ.    ᯨ᪥
ENTRY/PUBLIC   ।,  㤥 ᮮ饭 
訡 U. ,  ENTRY  PUBLIC,   ᯨ-
᮪    ᯮ 騪 L80  㤮-
⢮७ 譨 뫮.


     
     2.4.8. EQU


     ଠ ᥢ:

     "" EQU "ࠦ"

       EQU ᨬ᪮  ᢠ 祭
ࠦ. ᫨ "ࠦ"  EXTRN,  뤠 ᮮ饭
 訡.


     2.4.9. EXT/EXTRN

     ଠ ᥢ:

     EXT "","",...   
     EXTRN "","",...

     EXT  EXTRN  㪠  譨 (EXTRN),
.. ।묨  㣮 ணࠬ. ᫨ , 㪠  
ᯨ᪥, ।   ணࠬ,  㤥 뤠 ᮮ-
  訡 M. ᫨ 稢   ᫠ (##),
  ⠪   譥.


     2.4.10. INCLUDE

     ଠ ᥢ:

     INCLUDE " 䠩"

      ᥢ INCLUDE, $INCLUDE  MACLIB .
ᥢ INCLUDE    ⥪ 室 -
ࠬ ணࠬ, ᠭ  㣨 䠩. " 䠩" - 
 䠩, ᮤঠ饣 砥 ணࠬ.  䠩 
 MAC.
     , 騩  ᥢ INCLUDE, 뢠
 ࠭᫨  ⥪ ணࠬ ࠧ   ᥢ
INCLUDE.
      뢮 ⨭   ப, ᮤঠ饩 
祭 䠩, ࠧ  ᫥   ⮨  "+".
      ᥢ INCLUDE  ᪠. ᫨ 䠩,
㪠  INCLUDE,  ,  㤥 뤠 ᮮ饭
 訡 "V"   ᥢ .


     2.4.11. NAME

     ଠ ᥢ:

     NAME (' ணࠬ')

     NAME   ணࠬ. 騬  "" 
⮫쪮   .      
ᥢ TITLE. ᫨  ணࠬ  NAME  TITLE,
  ⢥    室 䠩.


     2.4.12. ORG -  稪 

     ଠ ᥢ:

     ORG "ࠦ"

     稪  ᢠ ࠦ.    -
   ।  ࢮ 室.


     2.4.13. PAGE

     ଠ ᥢ:

     PAGE "ࠦ"

     ᥤ PAGE  㪠 ᥬ  
࠭ 뢮 ⨭. ᫨  ᥢ 
"ࠦ",    ᫮ ப  ࠭.  ᫮
     1  255.  㬮砭  ᫮
ࠢ 50.


     2.4.14. SET

     ଠ ᥢ:

     "" SET "ࠦ"

     SET ⢫   ⢨,   EQU,    
ᥢ SET   । ࠭.  ᫥
믮 SET  㤥 ८।.


     2.4.15. TITLE

     ଠ ᥢ:

     TITLE "⥪"

     TITLE   ணࠬ,   
 ࢮ ப ࠭.  ⥪ ணࠬ  
⮫쪮  ᥢ TITLE  뤥 ᮮ饭  訡-
 Q. ᫨   ᥢ NAME ,    ᨬ-
    . ᫨  ணࠬ   
NAME,  TITLE,    㤥    室
䠩.

     2.4.16. SUBTTL

     ଠ ᥢ:

     SUBTTL "⥪"

      ᥢ 뢮  ᫥ , 뢥-
 ᥢ TITLE.  "⥪"   ॢ-
 60 .  ணࠬ    ⢮ SUBTTL.


     2.4.17.  .COMMENT

     ଠ ᥢ:
     
     .COMMENT "ࠧ⥫""⥪""ࠧ⥫"

      ᨬ,騩 ᫥ .COMMENT  ⫨  ஡,
⠥ ࠧ⥫.  ᫥ ࠧ⥫ ⠥ -
砭ﬨ    ந쭮 ⢮ ப. -
砭 稢,  砥 ன ࠧ⥫ -
  ᠬ ᨬ,   ᯮ짮  ⢥ ࢮ
ࠧ⥫.


     2.4.18.  .PRINTX

     ଠ ᥢ:

     .PRINTX "ࠧ⥫""⥪""ࠧ⥫"

      ᨬ ᫥ .PRINTX, ⫨  ஡,⠥
ࠧ⥫. , 騩 ᫥ ࠧ⥫,  ६ ࠭-
樨 뢮  ନ   ,    
ன ࠧ⥫ -   ᠬ ᨬ.

	*) ਬ砭.
	.PRINTX 뢮 ⨭   室 ᥬ,
	⮬, ᫨ ⨭ 㦥 ⮫쪮   -
	 室,  ᫥ ᯮ짮 ᥢ
	IF1  IF2.
	 

     2.4.19.  .RADIX

     ଠ ᥢ:

     .RADIX "ࠦ"

      㬮砭 ⥬ ᫥  ⠭ - 筠.
ᥢ .RADIX   ᭮ ⥬ -
  㬮砭 ( 2  16). "ࠦ"  .RADIX ᥣ 
筮 ⥬ ᫥ ᨬ  ᭮ ⥬
᫥, 饩   .


     2.4.20.  .REQUEST

     ଠ ᥢ:

     .REQUEST " 䠩"," 䠩",...

      ᥢ ।  騪 L80  
 㤮⢮७ 譨   䠩, 㪠 
ᯨ᪥.  䠩  ᯨ᪥   ᮤঠ ⨯ 䠩
 뫮  ᪨. L80   䠩     
⨯ - REL  ᪥  㬮砭.


     2.4.21. ᫮ ᥢ

	᮪ ᫮ ᥢ

   IF/IFT "ࠦ"    ⨭, ᫨ "ࠦ"  ࠢ 0
   IFE/IFF "ࠦ"   ⨭, ᫨ "ࠦ" ࠢ 0
   IF1                   ⨭  ࢮ 室
   IF2                   ⨭  ஬ 室
   IFDEP "ᨬ"        ⨭, ᫨ "ᨬ" । 
                          EXTERNAL
   IFDEF "ᨬ"        ⨭, ᫨ "ᨬ"  । 
                           EXTERNAL
   IFB "㬥"        ⨭, ᫨ "㬥"  ஡.
                         㬥    㣫 ᪮
   IFNB "㬥"       ⨭, ᫨ "㬥"  ஡.
                         ᯮ  ஢ન   
                         ࠬ஢. 㬥    
                         㣫 ᪮.
   IFIDN "㬥1",    ⨭, ᫨ ப "㬥1" -
         "㬥2"     筠 ப "㬥2". 㬥
                            㣫 ᪮.
   IFDIF "㬥1",    ⨭, ᫨ ப "㬥1" ⫨-
         "㬥2"     砥  ப "㬥2".

      ᫮ ᥢ  ଠ:

     IF XXX [㬥]
     .
     .
     .
     [ELSE
     .
     .
     ]
     ENDIF

     ᪠  ᫮ ᥢ, .. ᥢ-
  ᥢ.   訡  㬥
᫮ ᥢ    ࢮ 室.
 IF, IFT, IFF  IFE ࠦ  ᮤঠ ⮫쪮 -
 ᨬ   ࠦ   ᮫묨.


     2.4.21.1.  ELSE

      ᥢ IF   ᮮ⢥ 
ᥢ ENDIF, 稢 ᫮.


     2.4.22.  ᥢ, ࠢ騥 뢮 ⨭

     뢮 ⨭  䠩  ࠢ   
ᥢ:
	 .LIST  .XLIST

     ᫨ ⨭  뢮,   ᥢ -
.
      㬮砭  ᥢ .LIST, 樨
뢮 ⨭. ᫨ 砥 ᥢ .XLIST,  뢮
⨭ ४頥,    ᥢ .LIST.

    뢮 ᫮ ,  祭 , 㯮ॡ
६ ᥢ:
   .SFCOND       뢮 ᫮ , 
                祭 "";
   .LFCOND      ⠭ 뢮 ᫮ , 
                祭 "";
   .TFCOND      ࠢ 뢮 ᫮ , 
                祭 "",  ᨬ   /X.

     뢮 ⠡ ४ ࠢ ᥢ
.CREF  .XCREF. ᫨ -।⢠  ᯮ,  
ᥢ . ᫮  㬮砭 - .CREF. ᫨
砥 ᥢ .XCREF,  뢮 ४ 뫮
४頥   ,  ᭮   ᥢ
.CREF.
     뢮 ७ MACRO/REPT/IRP/IRPC ࠢ ६
ᥢ:

   .LALL    뢮  ⥪   ७;
   .SALL    뢮 ⮫쪮 ᣥ஢ ꥪ ;
   .XALL    뢮 ᣥ஢ ꥪ   ᮮ-
            騩  ⥪ (᫮  㬮砭).



     2.4.23.  ६饭 । 㧪


        ᥢ: .PHAZE  .DEPHAZE 
⪨ ணࠬ  室   ,  믮-
   㣮, , .
     ᥢ .PHAZE 砥 砫 ⠪ ⪠, 
ᥢ .DEPHAZE -  ⪠.

	ਬ.

	0000'                  .PHAZE
	0100   CD 0106   F00:  CALL BAZ
	0103   C3 0007         JMP Z00
	0106   C9        BAZ:  RET
	0007'  C3 0005   Z00:  JMP 5

      ⪨   .PHAZE  ᮫ 祭
 ᨬ  祭 稪  .PHAZE. , ,
㦠  ⥪   (..  0000'  ⮬ -
).    ᫠   100H  믮.


     2.5. ப  

     ।⢠ ᥬ MACRO   ᥡ  -
 ७ (REPT, IRP, IRPC)   ம।-
 (MACRO).  ப  稢 ᥢ-
 ENDM.


     2.5.1. ନ

      ᠭ ப ᯮ ᫥騥 ନ:
1) ".." - ଠ ࠬ 
    ଠ ଥ  ⨬묨 ᨬ᪨
   ,    ⥫ ७;
2) "ᯨ᮪ .." - ᯨ᮪ ଠ ࠬ஢, ࠧ-
    묨;
3) "ᯨ᮪ ." - ᯨ᮪ 㬥⮢, ࠧ 묨. 
   ᮪ 㬥⮢ ᥣ 祭  㣫 ᪮. ᫨
    㣫 ᪮  ᨬ    묨 
   ᨬ,   㫥 㬥  ᯨ᪥.   -
    ᪮ (᪮  ᪮)  ७ ஢
   ᪮ 㤠  ᯮ짮 ᮮ⢥饣 㬥-
   . ப  窠  ⨬ 㬥⮬;
4) "ᯨ᮪ ." - ᯨ᮪ ࠬ஢, ࠧ 묨.


     2.5.2.  REPT-ENDM

     ଠ ப:

     REPT "ࠦ"
     .
     .
     ENDM

      祭 "ࠦ"  㯯 ।,
祭  REPT  ENDM,  祭 ᫮
ࠧ. "ࠦ"   ᮤঠ 譨  ।
.

     ਬ.

     X   SET    0
         REPT   10   ; DB 1 - DB 10
     X   SET    X+1
         DB     X
         ENDM

     
     2.5.3.  IRP-ENDM 

     ଠ ப:

     IRP "..",<ᯨ᮪ .>	
     .
     .
     .
     ENDM 
    
     ᫮ 㬥⮢  ᯨ᪥ ।, ᪮쪮 ࠧ 㤥
७ 㯯 ।, 祭  IRP  ENDM.
  ७    ଠ쭮 ࠬ-
 ⠢ । 祭  ᯨ᪠ 㬥⮢. ᫨
ᯨ᮪ 㬥⮢  (<>),  㯯 । ࠡ뢠-
 1 ࠧ  ଠ ࠬ 㤠   宦.

     ਬ.

     IRP   X, <1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10>
     DB    X
     ENDM

      㤥 祭 ।饬 ਬ.



     2.5.4.  IRPC-ENDM

     ଠ ப:

     IRPC  "..",ப ( "ப")
     .
     .
     .
     ENDM

     ⢮   ப 㪠뢠, ᪮쪮 ࠧ 㤥 
७ 㯯 ।  IRPC  ENDM.   砥
㣫 ᪮  易⥫.   ७  
ଠ쭮 ࠬ 㤥 ⠢ ।   
ப.

     ਬ.

     IRPC   X, 0123456789
     DB     X+1
     ENDM

      祭  ।騬 ਬࠬ.


     2.5.5.  MACRO

     ଠ ப:

     "" MACRO "ᯨ᮪ .."
     .
     .
     .
     ENDM

       MACRO 짮⥫  ᮧ ᢮ -
     ࠧ ⪨ ணࠬ.
     "" -  ᨬ᪮ ,  ஬ ᫥⢨
 뢠  ப.
     "ᯨ᮪ .." -  ᯨ᮪ ଥ஢,  
 ( 䠪᪨ ࠬࠬ)   
맮 ப. ।  MACRO  ENDM ⠢
⥫ ப.
     ଠ 饭  ப ᫥:

     "" "ᯨ᮪ ."

  "" -   ᢮ MACRO  ம।;
     "ᯨ᮪ ." -  ᯨ᮪ 䠪᪨ ࠬ஢, 
      맮 ப  ᮮ⢥騥 ଠ
     ࠬ.
     ᫨ ᫮ 䠪᪨ ࠬ஢ ॢ蠥 ⢮ 
ଠ ࠬ஢,  譨 䠪᪨ ࠬ -
. ᫨  ᫮ ࠬ஢  ᫠ ଠ -
஢,    䠪᪨ ࠬ஢  -
⠢ 㫨.

     ਬ.

     F00  MACRO  X
     Y    SET    0
          REPT   X
     Y    SET    Y+1
          DB     Y  
          ENDM
          ENDM

      饭 F00 10  ப ᣥ  
।,    । ਬ.


     2.5.6. EXITM

     ᥢ EXITM ᯮ  襭 
REPT/IRP/IRPC  맮 MACRO.  믮 EXITM -
७  뢮,   ⠢襥 ७ 
७  . ᫨ , ᮤঠ騩 EXITM, 室
 㣮 ,  譨 ஢ த .


     2.5.7. LOCAL

     ଠ :

     LOCAL "ᯨ᮪ .."

      ᥢ ⨬ ⮫쪮  ம।
MACRO.  믮 LOCAL ᥬ ᮧ 㭨쭮 ᨬ-
᪮    ଠ쭮 ࠬ  ᯨ᪠  
⠢ ⮬  ᨬ᪮    宦 
 ଠ쭮 ࠬ  ७. 筮, 
㭨 ᨬ᪨  ᯮ   ⮪
 MACRO.  ᪫砥   ⭮
। ⮪   맮  ப-
. ᪨ , ᮧ   LOCAL, -
室    ..0001  ..FFFF. ⮬ 짮⥫
 ᢮ ணࠬ ᫥   ⨯ ..NNNN. ᫨ 
ப  LOCAL ,  LOCAL    ࢮ -
 ம।.


     2.5.8. 樠 ம  

     &   ᠭ ᯮ  ⥭樨 ⥪ 
         ᨬ᪨ . ଠ ࠬ, ।⠢-
         騩 ᮡ ப  ,  㤥   -
         ७, ᫨ ।   㤥  ᠭ. 
         ࠧ ᨬ᪮   ⥪  ଠ-
          ࠬ    ⠢ &;

     ਬ.

     ERG    MACRO   X
     ERROR&X: PUSH   BX
              MVI    BX,'&X'
              JMP    ERROR
              ENDM
  

      ⮬ ਬ 맮 ERG A ᮧ ᫥ ᫥-
⥫쭮 ।:

     ERROR&A: PUSH B
              MVI B,'A'
	      JMP ERROR

     *) ਬ砭.
	 ᨬ᪨   묨, ᫨
  ⫨砥  㣮 ⮫쪮 稥 ᠭ. 
ᨬ᪮  ERRORA ⭮  ERROR&A.

     ;;    ᫨  ப । ﬨ  
	   窨  ⮩,   ਨ   
	   ७ , ᫨  㪠 .LALL;

     $     뫪  ⥪饥 祭 稪 ;

     !     ᨬ, 騩 ᫥ ᪫⥫쭮  -
            ࠫ쭮;

     NUL    , 騩 祭 "⨭", ᫨
	    㬥  . ⮪ ப ᫥ NUL 
	   ᬠਢ  㬥  NUL. ᫮ IF NUL
	   㬥 㤥 "", ᫨  ७ 
	   ᨬ 㬥 㤥 ⫨祭  窨  ⮩ 
	    "CR" ().   ४ ᯮ-
	     ஢ન  㫥 ࠬ஢  
	   ᫮ ᥢ IFB  IFNB;

     %        ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮  㬥-
	    ப. % ८ࠧ ᫥饥   -
	   ࠦ (筮 ᨬ᪮ )  ᫮  ⥪饩
	   ⥬ ᫥.  ६ ७ 祭-
	    ᫮ ⠢  ଠ ࠬ. -
	   짮 %  뢠 ப  -
	    (筮 ஢맮 -  맮  ⥪⮬  -
	   㬥⮢). ࠦ, ᫥饥  %  㤮-
	    ⥬  ॡ,    ᥢ DS.

	
	ਬ.
     ଠ쭮 LB, 饥 㬥⮬  MACLAB,  -
 ⠢ 㬥⮬ MACRO. % ८ࠧ LB  ᫮ 
 Y ⠢ 㦥 ᫮.  % १ ࠭樨 
  'ERROR LB'.

	MACLAB MACRO  Y
	ERR&Y: DB 'ERROR &Y',0
	       ENDM
	MACERR MACRO X
	LB     SET 0
	       REPT X
	LB     SET LB+1
	       MACLAB %LB
	       ENDM
	       ENDM

     ᫥ ஢맮 MACERR  3 稬:
   
	ERR1: DB 'ERROR 1',0
	ERR2: DB 'ERROR 2',0
	ERR3: DB 'ERROR 3',0

     TYPE    TYPE 頥 ,  뢠 
	     ࠪ⨪ 㬥: ६頥  -
	      㬥 譨 (EXTRN)  . -
	    ⮬  TYPE    ࠦ (-
	    , ᫮, ᪮). ᫨ ࠦ  
	    ୮,  TYPE ୥ .  頥
	     ᫥:
	    訥   । ६頥 -
	     ᫥騬 ࠧ:
	    0   ᮫;
	    1   ணࠬ ६頥;
	    2    ६頥;
	    3   COMMON ६頥.

	    訩  (80H) -  EXTRN.  ࠦ -
	    ন 譨 ᨬ,   ࠢ 1.
	     । - (20H).  ࠦ -
	    ,    ࠢ 1. ᫨  ࠦ 
	    ।  ᮤন EXTRN,    ࠢ 0.
	    TYPE 筮 ᯮ  ப, 
	    室 ஢ ⨯ 㬥.


         3. 㪮⢮  ᯫ樨  M80

     3.1. 饭  . 室  室  

     室묨 묨    䠩, ᮤঠ-
騩 ணࠬ ᠭ  ஠ᥬ,  騩 ⨯ MAC.
 १ ࠡ  ᮧ 䠩 ⨯ REL, ᮤঠ-
騩   ६頥 ଥ. ஬ ⮣,   -
⥫   ᮧ 䠩  ⨭  䠩 ४
뫮.
     ᪠   ஠ᥬ ⢫  
᫥ :

	1)	M80   
	2)	M80 " ப"

      ० (1) M80 뢮  ࠭ ஬ "*"   
 ப.  ० (2)  ப  ࠧ
᫥  M80.
     
     ଠ  ப:

     " 1"," 2"=" 3"

        " 1" -  䠩,   㤥 ᠭ ६-
	   頥 ;
	   " 2" - ன⢮,  ஥ 㤥 뢮 
	   ⨭. ன⢮   ᮫ (TTY:),
	   ᪮ ன⢮ (LST:)   䠩  ᪥;
	   " 3" -  䠩, ᮤঠ饣 室 ⥪ -
	   ࠬ.

     ᫨ " 1"  " 2" 饭,   㬮砭  
 䠩 室 ⥪.  䠩  " 1" ᥣ REL, 
" 2", ᫨  䠩 ᥣ  PRN,   " 3" ᥣ MAC.
᫨ ६頥   ⨭  㦭,  ᫥  
ࠢ⢠  ⠢ .

     ਬ:

   *=SOURSE.MAC       ࠭᫨஢ ணࠬ SOURSE.MAC 
                       ꥪ   䠩 SOURSE.REL

   *,LST:=TEST        ࠭᫨஢ ணࠬ TEST.MAC  -
                       ⨭  ன⢮ LST;

   *SMALL,TTY:=TEST   ࠭᫨஢ ணࠬ TEST.MAC, ꥪ-
                       䠩   SMALL.REL,  ⨭
                      뢥  ᮫.



     3.2.  樨

       ப    ᪮쪮 祩,
    ଠ 뢮 ⨭.

                        ⢨
     ----                   --------
      /O      ⨭    ..  쬥-
             ⥬ ᫥

      /H      ⨭    ..  ⭠-
            筮 ⥬ ᫥ (  㬮砭)

      /X     뢮 ⨭ ᫮, 祭 
             ""

      /P    ᮧ ꥪ 䠩

      /L    ᮧ 䠩  ⨭ 

      /C    ᮧ 䠩 ४ 뫮


       ਬ.

       *=TEST/L/P      ࠭᫨஢ 䠩 TEST.MAC. ꥪ
                       䠩 뢮  䠩 TEST.REL,  ⨭
                       -  䠩 TEST.LST.


     3.3. ଠ ⨭

       ࠭ ⨭   ப ᮤঠ:

	[TITLE ]      MACRO        PAGE  X [-Y]
	[SUBTITLE ]

     TITLE  - ⥪  ᥢ TITLE;
        X - ᭮  ࠭.  㢥稢 ⮫쪮
           室 䠩 ᨬ  
        ࠭.  ⠥ ⠡ ᨬ X=S;
        Y - 訩  ࠭.  㢥稢  -
         ᥢ PAGE    ⥪饩 
        ࠭;
        SUBTITLE - ⥪, ᥢ SUBTITLE.
        ᫥ 뢮   ப 뢮   
        ப,  ⥬ । ப ணࠬ. ப
        ணࠬ  :

    [CRF#]   [ERROR]   LOC#M   !XX!XXXX! ......  室 ⥪

     ᫨ 뢮 ⠡ ४ 뫮,   -
  ப -   ⠡, ᫥  ⮨ ᨬ -
樨.
     ERROR -  䫠 訡, ᫨  ப  訡. ᫨ 
ப  訡,   ERROR ⮨ ஡. ᫨ ⠡
४ 뫮  ᮧ,  䫠 訡 ⮨  ࢮ
.
     LOG#M - 祭 稪 , ஥  ᨬ 
祩 /M  /0 ।⠢ ᮡ 16- ᫮, ᮤঠ饥   
4 ,  8- ᫮, ᮤঠ饥 6 .  ᫥ ᫠ -
  ६頥:

	'	 ணࠬ ६頥;
	"	  ६頥;
	!	 COMMON ६頥;
           ᮫;
	*	 譨.

        ஡, ᫥    -
  ࠭ (᫨     ). ᫨ ப
⨭   䠩, 祭  ᥢ 
INCLUDE,  ᫥   㪢 C. ᫨ ப ᮤন -
७ (MACRO, REPT, IRP, IRPT),  ᫥  ⮨ 
 "+". ⮪ ப ᮤন 室 ⥪.
       ⨭ 뢮 ⠡ ᨬ᪨ . 
砫  䠢⭮ 浪    ப,
᫥ ⮣ 뢮  ᨬ᪨  ணࠬ. ᫥
 ᨬ᪮  뢮  ⠡樨,  ⥬
⠥ 祭 ᨬ᪮ . ᫨  ⨯ PUBLIC,
 ᫥  祭 ⠥ 㪢 I.  ⠥ 
 ᫥ :

	U	 ।;
	C	  COMMON;
	*	譥 ;
          ᮫⭮ ;
	'	ணࠬ ⭮⥫;
	"	 ⭮⥫;
	!	COMMON ⭮⥫.


     3.4. 饭  訡

     饭  訡   㪢 (䫠) 
ࢮ  ⨭. ᫨ 䠩  ⨭  뢮 
᮫,  訡 ப  ࠢ 뢮.

	             祭
	----		 --------
	 A	訡  㬥. 
		ࠢ ଠ 㬥 ᥢ 
		 㬥  ⨬ ࠭.

	 C	訡 ᫮ . 
		ELSE  IF; ENDIF  IF;  ELSE   IF.

	 D	⭮ । ᨬ᪮ .
 
   	 E	訡  ᯮ짮 EXTRN.
		⨬ ᯮ짮 ᨬ᪮ -
		,  EXTRN.

	 M	⭮ । ᨬ᪮ .

	 N	訡  ᫥.
		୮  ᫠ (ਬ 8Q)

	 O	  樨  訡 ᨭ⠪
		ENDM, LOCAL  ; SET, EQU  MACRO 
		;  ᨭ⠪   ; -
		 ᨭ⠪  ࠦ.

	 P	訡 䠧.
		祭 ⪨    EQU  
		஬ 室.

	 Q	.
		筮 砥,  ப 祭 ୮. 
		 ।०   訡.

	 R	६饭.
		⨬ ᯮ짮 ६饭  -
		.
 
 	 U	। ᨬ᪮ .

	 V	訡 祭.
		 ࢮ 室 ᥢ   -
		 室 । 祭. ᫨
		ᨬ, ⨢訩  ᥢ, ।-
		 ,   ஬ 室 訡 U 뤠-
		  㤥.

     ஬ 䫠  뤠 ᫥騥 
     ᮮ饭  訡:

  'NO END STATEMENT ENCOUNTED ON INPUT FILE '
           END

  'UNTERMINATED CONDITIONAL'
   襩   ᫮   襭   䠩

  'UNTERMINATED REPT/IRP/IRPC/MACRO'
    襩     襭

  [XX]  [NO]  FATAL ERROR(S)  [,XX WARNINGS]
  ⢮ 쥧 訡  ।०.
  ᮮ饭 ᥣ 뢮  ᮫   䠩  ⨭



     4. ணࠬ 뢮 ४ 뫮

      ᮧ ⨭  ४묨 뫪 ᭠砫 
 M80  ᮧ ᯥ樠 䠩. MACRO ᮧ
 䠩, ᫨   /C.    /C  
䠩 .LST  ᮧ 䠩 ⨯ .CRF. ᫥ ⮣, 
M80  ࠭,  㧨 ணࠬ CREF.
     ᫥ 㧪 CREF 뢮  ࠭  *   
 ப. ଠ  ப  CREF:

	* .䠩 = .䠩

      㬮砭 ⨯ 室 䠩 - .CRF
᫥ ⮣ CREF ᮧ 䠩 ⨯ .PRN, ᮤঠ騩 ⠡ 
४ 뫮.
     ⨭ ⠪ 䠩 ⫨砥  ⠭⭮ ᫥騬:

   -  । 稭  ;
   -   ⨭  䠢⭮ 浪   ᨬ-
     ᪨   ࠬ  ப,   ⨫.
      ப,  ன  ᨬ᪮  ।-
     , ⬥砥  #.
