

                 -  

                                       " ⥫䮭 
                                         ᢮  ஡
                                         । ..."
                                          (த )


      ।  ।⠢ ᮡ ⪮,  -
, ୮ , ,  祭 筮 㪮⢮  ਬ-
  ⥫䮭  AnCom TDA-3  "⨪ -
⥬", ।祭  ७ ࠬ஢ ⥫䮭
,  ⠪  ਬ १⮢  ७  ᥤ-
 ࠪ⨪ ⥫㭨.

      稭, 㦤騥 짮⥫ ⥫㭨樮 -
ன  ⥬  ஡  ⥫䮭 , -
  ⮬,  ,  襭  室 ᯮ짮-
 ⥫䮭 ,   ᠬ묨 ࠧࠧ묨  
ਬ 孨᪨ ।, ⠪   ᯮ짮 
० ࠡ  ।  ⠪⨪  ⢮.

      쪮  ᭮ ꥪ⨢ ਥ,  १⠬ 
ࠬ஢ ⥫䮭 ,  ᯥ譮 ஢, ਬ,
⠪ ࣠樮-孨᪨ ய:
- 㦨 ࠧ饣  樮 㤮,
- । 客 ⠭  ᪠ ᨣ  ᯮ-
   ⥫䮭 ,
- 롮 室  ।    ,
- ᯥ஢ ⥫䮭   㫠  䫨-
  ⮢,
- । ⨬쭮 筮 䨪 㧪 ⥫䮭 -
  ,
- 롮  ⥫㭨樮 । (, 䠪ᠯ⮢
   ..), 訬 ࠧ ८  客 -
  ⠭,
-  ⥩ ਬ  ஬७  筮
  㤮 (, 䠪ᠯ⮢  ..) ࠧ ,
  ᭮ 롮 ० ⮣ 㤮 (᪮, ᯮᮡ
  樨, ன ஢ ।, ⢨⥫쭮  ..).

       ७ ࠬ஢ ⥫䮭  ࠤ樮 -
 ᯥ樠஢ ⥫ ।⢠.  ᨩ᪨
। 裡   ଠ樮   ७ ࠬ஢
 ⥫䮭 ⨯ ᯮ ਡ ଠ᪨ 
Siemens ( K3301,  W2090, ⨢ ⥫-
  K1104)  Wandel&Goltermann (஢ ⥫ ⥫-
䮭  DLM-4, DLM-20,   DLA-5A, DLA-6,
DLA-9).    蠥  ஢  AnCom TDA-3, ࠧ-
ࠡ⠭  ਩ ந ᪮᪮ ମ  "-
⨪-".  ஢ ⠭⮬ ᨨ  ⨯ -
⥫쭮 ਡ.

      , ।  ⥫䮭 ,    ᫥-
  窥 ਥ   ⮫쪮 㬮,  ௥ 
 ᫮ ᪠. ᫨ , ਢ ᯨ᮪ ࠬ஢
᪠ ᨣ   裡 (⠡. 1), ਬ塞  ᮣ-
ᮢ ஢ ⥫䮭    ମ AT&T
Paradyne (USA). ᮪  ।⠢ 業ࠫ쭮 -
樥 ⥫㭨樮  .

                                                   1
Ŀ
           ᭮ ࠪ⨪ ⥫䮭               
Ĵ
 N  AT&T Paradyne (USA)           ਬ砭             
Ĵ
 1⭮襭 ᨣ-: ⭮-筮   ਬ   ᮮ⭮襭
  襭  ᨣ+  ।묨  魮ﬨ -
   㤥 ᨣ,      ᨣ  㬠            
Ĵ
 2 :  ந-ITU-T, ४ O.91 ॣ-
  騩  䠧  ᤢ  ७  ஦  䠧 
    ।   -  ஦ 4..300
   ᨣ, 㣫    :  4..20  
  ࠤ                    20..300                         
Ĵ
 3 ᪠: -  ⢥  ࠪ⨪  筮
    室    業           
   ⭮襭    室                                   
  ᨣ,                                                   
Ĵ
 4饭  : ࠧ ࠪ୮ ⮫쪮    
   ।  -⥬ ।   㯫-
   ᨣ,                                   
Ĵ
 5᭠ :  -ITU-T, O.71  । 
    ᨣ   "砩,  -
  祬   3 ,  த-  祭  殮  ᨣ
    4              ॢ蠥 ⠭ ண"    
Ĵ
 6 : ⢮ ITU-T, O.95  । ᪠箪 -
     䠧 ⮢    "  १
  ᨣ  ⮩  1004  ⥫쭮     ⥫쭮
   祬  20 ࠤᮢ    䠧     -
                              ⥫쭮 ᨣ"
                                ண 䨪樨
Ĵ
 7  : ⢮ITU-T, O.71   ࠧ砥 -
  ᯫ᪮ 殮 襳        , 
  6   ଠ쭮 ᨣ।  堭   -
  ⥫쭮    4 ᳫ⢠           
   15                                                   
Ĵ
 8஢:  ⢮ 㬥-ITU-T, O.62   ।   뢳
  襭  ஢  饩   裡,  " 뢠 -
  12   ⥫쭮       ஢  -
  4   15            ⥫쭮 ᨣ  ⮩  2 
                              ⠭ ண"       
Ĵ
 9ࠩ:  ⢮ -ࠬ   ᪮॥    ࠪਧ
  ⠭  裡, ⮬-⮩稢  ࠡ  , 祬
  ᪨ ⢫塞  -᪠ ᨣ           
  ,  15                                             
Ĵ
10堭  ,                                    
  쭥 ,             ࠬ 㠫  ᪮
  প 쭥 ,      宪樥  (V.32,
    ., V.32bis, V.34)                    


      ⢥ ଠ⨢ , ਬ塞  ନ஢
᪨ ࠬ஢  ⮭쭮   ࠬ஢ -
᪨  ।⠢:
- ਪ  裡  N50  27 ﭢ 1988 .;
- 㪮騬 㬥⮬  饣㤠⢥ ⥬ ⮬⨧-
  ஢ ⥫䮭 裡 (), ⢥ত ⢥
  न樮 ᮢ⮬  ⢥ 裡  31 
  1986 .;
- ⠭⮬  45.36-86 " ,   ᬥ蠭
  த᪨ ⥫䮭 ⥩.  ᪨ ᯫ樮".

       ଠ⨢  ᪮쪮  ⨢ ஢ ,
ࠦ ଠ ITU-T ਨ M "ਭ樯 孨᪮ ᯫ樨
⥫䮭 "   ਢ  ᯨ᮪ ஫-
 ࠬ஢ (⠡. 1) ᫥騬:
- 堭 ᨣ,
- 㤭-⭠ ࠪ⨪ () ,
- ஦  ᨣ,
- ᪠ 㯯 ६ 宦 () ᨣ (ந-
     䠧-⭮ ࠪ⨪ ).

       ⠭   ஡ ᠭ  ⨢
 ⨯⨢ , ᢮⢥ ⥫䮭 , 㪠
(⠡. 2)   ﭨ  ।   ᯮ짮 -
 ࠭ ᯮᮡ 樨  ४ V.32bis 
V.22bis,  訬  訬 ᯥ宬 ( ᫥ ᨬ樨 -
宧饭) ॠ   鸞 ந⥫ (
宧饭 ।⠢  "⨪-").

          ,  ⢥訩 ࠧ
ࠬ஢ 宧饭   । 稥  -
⢨ ⥩ ਬ     -
, ࠬ । ᨣ     ࠧ殢묨.

                                                           2
Ŀ
   ࠬ஢ 宧饭    ଠ  -
Ĵ 裡
                           , /   N50, 27.01.88
                      Ĵ(  
  ⠡騩    V.32, V.32bis V.22, V.22bis 
       䠪         Ĵ⥬ - 
                      1440096004800 2400  1200  - )  
Ĵ
⨬ ⢮                                         
࠭⮢                                              
 ,         n     0...6      2..12 6..12    4 
Ĵ
/,          >23 >16  >9 14..18 7..10  㦥 37,5
Ĵ
⢨⥫쭮,     -38...-50     -42...-56     ନ. 
Ĵ
 ᪠,%                       1,5
Ĵ
஦ 䠧(ࠧ),                                      
      㣫 ࠤᮢ  >8  >15>45 15..50 >45     15 
Ĵ
窨 䠧,  㣫.ࠤ  >5  >15>60 15..20 >60     ନ. 
Ĵ
饭 饩                                                
,                     +-(7...24)             5  
Ĵ
      堭,       ᪠뢠-  ନ.  
-     প, <250,     ᭨.             
饣:                    害宧饭             
Ĵ
 ਭ饣:                                           
         堭,  >28  >20 >12  >20   >12    ନ. 
Ĵ
窨 (ਨ  1)⮬᪠   -ᠬ-   - 
 ,  -⠭  ᮥ -   - 
 ᯫ᪨  -(retrain)      --       
࠭ ᨣ,  ..:⠭ ᨭ஭--  뢮,  
- ..⪮- ᫥ ⥬      ⭮- 
  ६. (2 ) ஢ Ĵ⥫쭮 ६
   ᪠窠 .,       2..10     3..40 6..40  ⢨ 
- .⪮६.Ĵ             
  (2 ) ॢ. ஢                                       
  㬠  ᨣ, >-9  >-7 >14    0...40                


        ।  奬 ७ ࠬ஢ ⥫䮭-
 :

奬 1.  稨  ஢  (4- ஢ -
)     砥  饣 ᨣ; 
㤠  ᨣ "稢 ⭮"  ன 
(. 1);  ⠪ 砥  ᯮ짮   -
-⥫쭮 ०.

 ķ -  ķ
      >>Ĵ                        >>Ŀ
     >>Ĵ       ᫥㥬      >>Ŀ 
       ᨣ 4- ஢ ⥫䮭멺       
      TDA-3                                 ķ
     <<Ĵ2 ⪠ 2- ஢ <<Ĵ
     ⥫<<Ĵ    ⥫䮭     <<Ĵ     
 ͼ ⪫ ͼ    ͼ
                   

     .1. ७ ࠬ஢   "⮬ ᨣ"


奬 2. ᫥㥬  ஢   ࠢ, 
⮬   ⥫ 䨧᪨ ࠧᥭ , ᫥⥫쭮,
室 ਬ  ਡ (. 2), 祬    
   ஬ TDA-3.
                                               ķ
                                             <Ĵ     
                          ķ      <Ĵ    
                          ᫥㥬멺             
 ķ -   ⥫䮭멺 ⪫          TDA-3 
      >>Ĵ   >>ĴĿ    
     >>Ĵ  ⮪  >>Ĵ⥫    
       ᨣ 䨧᪮   ͼ
      TDA-3                   
     <      ͼ
     ⥫<
 ͼ

              .2. ࠢ ७ 


       ਢ ਬ 業਩ ஢ન  裡. 
㭪⮢ ⮣ 業  ᫠, 묨  ࠭
, 㦨饣  AnCom TDA-3.

1) ஢ઠ 堭 ᨣ     .  㡥-
,  ⥪  ࠢ୮, ४   ॢ蠥 -
  ᯮ㥬  ।      
᪠  ண ⢨⥫쭮    ᮬ
5...10 .

2) ஫  ᪠ ᨣ  롮 ⨬쭮 ஢
魮 । ᨣ. ஢ 魮 ।  -
 ᨣ   襭  祭,  ஬  ᯥ-
稢  ,   ࠧ 魮⥩ ᭮ 
 ମ ᨣ  窥 ਥ   40 .

3) 㠫 ஫ ࠢ୮ 㬫 ਭ ᨣ-
  ᭮ ३  ⢥ 業 ᮮ⭮襭
ᨣ/.

4) ७ ᮮ⭮襭 魮⥩ ᨣ  㬠. ७ ஢-
   ᨣ 800  2000 , ᪮  ᯮᮡ 
। 롨ࠥ  ⮬  ⠡. 2   ᮬ  
3...6 .

5.) ஫    (த⥫쭮 2...10 -
, ஢ 䨪樨  ⠭  3...10   ஢
ਭ ᨣ).  ண 䨪樨   
७ ७  । ஢ ᨬ쭮 -
饩 ,  ᮯ⠢ ࠬ஢ ⮩稢  
ᯫ᪠   祭 १⮬  ᭨ 稭
 "ᠭ" .

5.) ஫  뢮 裡 (2...10 , ४㥬
 2000 , ஢ 䨪樨 ⠭  ᨬ 
ண ⮩稢 ᯮ㥬  -  3...30   ਭ-
 ᨣ).  䨪㥬 ய뢮 裡 ⥫-
  1   ᭨  ࠭ ,   -
筮 訬 ।  㤭, 稥 㡮 
த⥫ ஢ ஢ ᨣ ᭨ 䠪 뢮 ᥠ-
ᮢ । .

6) ७ ஦ 䠧 饣 ᨣ.  ஦ 
  ॢ 祭 8 ࠤᮢ,   㦥 ।쭮 -
祭    (⠡. 2).

7) ஫ ᪠ 䠧 ࠪ⨪  - ᨬ 
   ᮯ⠢ ⥪    ᪮ -
  ᯮ㥬  ᪠  ⠭ 稭
⠭ ᮥ.

8)  ᯮ짮 殮  裡, ࠧ -
묨 ᮥ⥫묨 ﬨ  ஢묨 ࠫ묨
,  -ࠦ ।  ਭ ᨣ-
 (. 3).

                                  L
                         |<>|       ਭ 
        ।Ŀ                 Ŀ + 饣
Ŀ ----->->͵----------->Ŀ
͵-                 -͵
 <--------⥬<͵⥬           
        ।饣                  
      |<>|    |<>|    |<>|
       2- ஢        4- ஢        2- ஢
                                          

                 .3.  -ᨣ


-ᨣ ।饣 ࠧ  ࠦ ᨣ ।饩
஭  㤠 ⥬ ࠧ ࠢ ।. -
প T [] אַ ய樮쭠 㤢   L [] 
⭮ ய樮쭠 ᪮ ࠭ ᨣ C [/]:

                            T = 2*L/C

ਢ 㫠  뢠 থ ᨣ  ࠧ饩
,   栬 ᥪ㭤. -ᨣ
饣 ࠧ   ࠦ - ᨣ ।饩 -
஭ ࠦ  㤠 ⥬, । ⭮, ࠦ-
   ⥬ , 㯠  室 ਭ饩 ஭,
᪫뢠  । ᨣ. প -ᨣ 饣
⭮⥫쭮 ᭮ । ᨣ । ⮩ 
㫮.   ᯮ짮 ⭨  (  -
樮୮ ࡨ ⭨ L=36000 ) প  ।饣
(饣)  ਭ饣 (饣)  ⠢:

                T = T = 2*36000/300 = 240 .

 ।   ᯮ짮   -樥
(V.32, V.32bis, V.34) 室 ᯮ짮   প 
।饣   200...300 , 祬 ⢮ -ᨣ
    ;  ᯮ짮   
ࠧ  ਥ-। (V.22, V.22bis)  ।饣
 뢠 ⠡饣 ⢨  ਥ. -ᨣ
ਭ饣 뢠 ⨢ ⢨  ਥ  
ᯮᮡ 樨 ᨬ  ६ প; 室 ᫥
 ⥬, ⮡ 魮 -ᨣ ਭ饣 뫠   -
 ᭮ ᨣ  祬  15   ᪮⥩ 1200 /
(V.22)  4800 / (V.32)   祬  25...30   ᪮⥩
2400 / (V.22bis), 9600 /   (V.32, V.32bis, V.34).

9)  ᪠窠 䠧   뢠 稪 ᪠窮 
⮬ 砥, ᫨ 稭 ᪠窠 ॢ蠥 ᮮ⢥饥 
ண 祭.   ७ ᪠窨 䠧  ,
ॢ騥 ண 祭 10...20 㣫 ࠤᮢ  2...6 
ᮮ⢥⢥.  襬 砥 ᫥⢨ ⠪ ᪠窮 
 RETRAIN  ᯥ 襭,  襬 -  "᭥".
  易   7 ,   㦥 ।쭮 -
祭 (⠡. 2).

10)   ।    ᭮ ᮯ-
⨢.  ⮬᪨ 뢠  -
 塞 , 稭 ன   ॢ 0.5
  ᮮ⢥⢨   45.36-86 " ,   ᬥ-
蠭 த᪨ ⥫䮭 ⥩.  ᪨ ᯫ-
". 室饥  । 400...1000  祭  
  稭 ன 宪 ,  
 ࠡ  ஢ ਭ ᨣ  -35 .

11) ⨢ ⥫ । ஢ 魮  
 ᥫ樨 ⭮⥫쭮 業ࠫ쭮     -
짮 :
- 㦥  ମ᪨ ⠢,
- ᫥  ᪠ ᨣ,
- ७ ஢   ஦  । ᨣ-
  .

       ભ,   ⥫䮭 ⨯  -
 ।  ᨣ,    ( 쬠 ࠧ-
ࠧ    ⠪ ⠭    ) 
  ॡ㥬 ஢ . ⮬  ⭮  ⥫䮭
,   㦠   ஭ , ᫥ 
   ꥪ,   ࠪਧ   -
஬ ᫥   ᢮.

       ⠪  㯠  ⥫㭨樮 த -
  祭 ஢  ७ ⥫䮭 , -
⥫쭮 ९뢠   ⢮ 쭮  ᨬ쭮 -
⨬ 祭 ࠬ஢, ᯮ  ⮣  ⢥ ଠ-
⨢  ਠ ४権 ITU-T ਨ M. ⢥ 
ࠪ⨪ 祭 ஢  襬 砥 । ⢮
, ⠭ ᪮ । (筮 2400  9600 /),
 ਢ  ᯮᮡ 樨,  ࠪ⨪ ஢ -
⮪,  楤 ७ ⮣ ⢠,  ⨯ ᯮ㥬
,  稭 ࠬ஢  䨧᪮ ஢.  ࠪ-
 ஦  ।⥩  ⭮襭 -
  짮⥫, ᮢ襭 蠥 ᫥ ⥩
। ꥪ⨢ ⥭   .

       ⥫䮭  AnCom TDA-3 ஢ -
⠭⮬ ᨨ  ⨯ ⥫쭮 ਡ,  樠-
  ਬ  ࣠樥 (㤠⢥  ⭮)
 ਨ ᨨ  ,    ᯮ짮 ७-
஬  । ⥭      ଠ-
, ⠪   樠쭮 ஢. ,   ⮣, ⮡
। 樠 ⥭,  ᫥ 砫쭮 
  ⥫  ७  ଥ -  ஡ -
 ⨬ ⪫ ࠬ஢ .    
,   ࠪ᪨   뢠  稭 
ꥪ⨢ - ⢨ ਡ୮ , ⠪  ꥪ⨢ - -
⢨ ᮮ⢥饩 ୮ 樯.  , 
稥  AnCom TDA-3 ࠭    ஡  -
 ᯮᮡ⢮ ࠧ ⥫㭨権.
