i1.20
                                   - 42 -

   1        -        
   3

D 3ljhd.pdr * * *
       ⮭  몠 ᮯ


D 3ljm.pdr 2 * *
                     (C)  .., .୨, 1995.

        ਬ 몠  ᮯ஢  AY-3-8910/12 ( 쭥襬
    ⥪ AY)  ࠢ ᯮᮡ⢮ 㭨쭮  -
   ஢ ZX-Spectrum.
        몠 ᮯ    1985      
   ७    ZX-Spectrum-128    ⥬ ⢮  
   ᫥ ଥ  ⢥ ࠧࠡ⪠   128   -
    .
         ᥬ ࠧࠧ 奬 祭  몠  ᮯ஢,
           蠥 筮,     
   ,   ⠪⮢ 室 AY-奬?  ॢ ଥ-
    ᠭ 㪠  1,7734   筮 0,01% [1].  ॠ-
    奬  롨   1-2 ,  뢠 
   "  㪨,  뫨 㬠  ᠭ ணࠬ" [2].
        ᭨  䥭,   ⠪ ⢥   :    
       "⨭"    ⠪   ࠢ   ,
   ⠭ । ⠭   -128,    ।
   㡫.

             21. 騥 ᢥ  ⥮ਨ 몠쭮 ⨪.

         ᪨   । 20 - 20000  뢠-
    㪮묨.
         㪠 -  ⢥ 業   㪠. 
   ⮬   㪠 㢥稢.
        ᪮  ⢨⥫쭮    ⮭ , 祬
    - 㣮 ࠬ 㪠.   ᯮᮡ  ࠧ  
       4000      1 .     
    ⮭   㦨 ࠧ        !
   [3].
             ᢮  .  ⢥⢨    
    㪠 稭 ண ⥬᪨ .   1700 
   檨 祭  몠 ॠ બ ।  ⥬-
     몠쭮 誠,  ᭮  ⥮ਨ 樮 -
   ᥫ.    䬨᪨ ࠢ୮ , -㣮, ࠢ-
    ⥬஢ 몠쭮 誠, ன  㥬  뭥.
        㪮 뢠 ᥬ     ⠢.  (᭨-
    - ):  㡪ப⠢ ( 孨 㪠), ப⠢, 
   ⠢,  ⠢, ࢠ, , , ⢥ ⠢  
   ⠢ (  㪠).   ⠢ 12 , ⮣  㪮拉 90 ,
    ᮮ⢥  .

         ⠢ 몠쭮 誠 ਢ  ⠡ 1.
.
i1.16
                                   - 43 -

                                        1        -        
   3

L+
                                                              1.
     Ŀ
           -  -   - ᮫᮫- -  
                                     
     Ĵ
     .  C  C#  D  D#  E  F  F#  G   G#   A  A#  B 
     
L-
                 # -  襭  ⮭  ⮭.

        ࢠ  묨  冷  ᯮ묨  ⠬  ⠡.1
   뢠  ⮭.     F(i)  ᫨,  
    冷 饩  F(i-1),  㫥:

        F(i) = 27%0(1/12) * F(i-1)                            (1)

         ⢥ ⠭ 㪮  ⭮ ᮮ⢥⢨  ਭ
    "" ࢮ ⠢,    ஢ 440 . ஬ -
   ⮭ (ன⢮, 饥 ⠫  㪠) ந -
    440 .
         ⠫ 11  ⠢  ந묨   ""    
     ᮫⭮ 筮 祭 ,  ⠪  ᫮ "७ -
   ⮩ ⥯  "  㫥 (1)    樮,  
    ਡ (=1,05946...).
         -   ⭮ ࢠ,  ࠢ 1/100  ⮭.
   ⠢ ࠢ 12 ⮭  1200 業⠬.

              22. ୠ 奬 몠쭮 ᮯ.

        몠 ᮯ   ࠢ筨 [4]  ணࠬ㥬
   ஬ 㪮.  ਭ樯 ࠡ      -
   몠 ᨭ⥧஢.
        ᭮  ஬몠쭮 㬥 ()  -
    ,  ,   ⭮ [5],  믮   12 -
   묨 ⮭묨 ࠬ,   , ࠡ騬 ᮢ⭮ 
   ⥫ﬨ .  ன ᯮᮡ ਬ  ⥪ AY.
         .1 ਢ ୠ  奬  몠쭮  ᮯ
   [4].  饭    ⠢ ⮫쪮 , -
   騥   㪠, ଠ ᨣ  ᯥ䥪  ᬠਢ.

L+
    CLK             12 ࠧ冷       12 ࠧ冷       12 ࠧ冷
     7^0                R0 7^0 R1           R2 7^0 R3           R4 7^0 R5
      Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ Ŀ
     Ĵ⥫ ணࠬ㥬멳 ணࠬ㥬멳 ணࠬ㥬멳
          16      稪         稪         稪    
          
            7^0          7%0    760 A         7%0    760 B         7%0    760 C
            
L-

                                   .1.
.
i1.16
                                   - 44 -

   1        -        
   3

        ࠢ ࠬ  ⮭  ,  ,  ,  ⢫ १ 6
   ७ ࠢ ॣ஢ R0 - R5.    ᭠  ᮡ-
   ⢥ ணࠬ㥬 稪. 室  砥 -
    ᨭ஭饩 ⠪⮢  CLK ᭠砫  40=16  ᫥-
   騬    祭 १  12-ࠧ來 稭,  ᮮ-
     ⮭.
        祭 12-ࠧ來 稭 砥 ⥬ 樨 ᮤ-
    4  ࠧ冷 㡮 ⮭ (R1,  R3,  R5 - ᫮ 0-15)  8
   ࠧ冷 ॣ 筮 ⮭ (R0, R2, R4 - ᫮ 0-255).
           , , , ࠡ ᨬ   㣠.

               23. ணࠬ஢ 몠쭮 ᮯ.

         窨 ७ ணࠬ 몠 ᮯ    㬥
   ।⠢ ᮡ ன⢮,  饥  : 室   -
   ᮬ #BFFD (49149)  室/室   ᮬ #FFFD (65533).
         16  ७  ॣ஢ AY  ⠭  ⮭ 
   : R0 - R5.
         ࠡ   ॣࠬ ࢮ砫쭮   #FFFD  
   浪 ,   R0  #00,  R1 - #01,  R2 - #02  .. ⥬ 
    #BFFD  ⭮ ᫮, ।饥  砥 ॣ஢
   R0-R5 樥  室 .
        ணࠬ஢   ⮭  몠쭮 ᮯ -
    ᫥騬 ᯮᮡ:
        - १  뢮 OUT  -48  -128;
        - १   OUT  設 ;
        - १  PLAY  -128.
         PLAY ࠧ  , 祬 몭 BEEP, ⠪ 
     ணࠬ஢    ।⢥   ࠭
   ⠢. ଠ  PLAY  ந, ਬ, ⮭
    "" ࢮ ⠢:
                                 PLAY "4A"

      "4"  ᫥   㪢 "" 砥 浪 
   ⠢,   㪢 ""  ᨬ  "".
         PLAY 墠뢠 9 ⠢, ᫮ ᫥ 㪢 ""  -
    ⮫쪮  ।  0 (㡪ப⠢)  8 (  ⠢).
   ⢨⥫쭮, : PLAY "O9A",   訡: "Out of range".
        㪢,  ,      (""),  ⠪ 
   筠 (""), 祬 筠 㪢 砥  
    ஢  ⠢.
        樥     PLAY    -0 ( -
   -128)    216 ⮢  ᠬ #1096-#116D.

            24. । 樥⮢    CLK.

          ᯮᮡ ணࠬ஢ 㪠 ⮫쪮  ᫥,  १
    PLAY,   ᮫ १,  ,  ਢ離 
    ⠬.   砥,  ,  ணࠬ஢ 砭 
.
i1.14
                                   - 45 -

                                        1        -        
   3

   "" ࢮ ⠢ १  PLAY  ࠢ 祭  -
   ⮭, ᫥   १.
              㬠 筮   ⠪⮢
   ,    室 CLK ᮯ,   쭮  砭
      ⮫쪮  ,  ।  CLK.
           ஢  ﬨ.
         ᯮᮡ,  ࠪ᪨.   室 CLK 譨 -
   騩    1-2  ,    , 
   ᮢ  砭  ⠫.  ᮡ ᫮  ॠ樨,  ⠪ 
   ७  ந   90  㪮鸞.
        ன ᯮᮡ,  ⥮᪨.  ॡ㥬 祭 -
    CLK, ᯮ     -128 樥
   .   ᯮᮡ ।⥫쭥,  ⠪    ᮪
   筮 १ ஢ ⥬ ࠡ.
         宦 樥⮢   ᯮ짮  䠪,
    ᫥ 믮  PLAY  ॣ 㡮  筮 ⠭-
     ⮭  樥,    ,  -
   ⨢   #FFFD.  祭 饣 筮 樥 -
    Ki ।  㫥:

         Ki = Ti + 256 * Gi                                 (2)

    Ti  Gi - ᮮ⢥⢥  樥  筮 
   㡮 ॣ஢  i- .
         i-  Fi  ।  㫥 (1),  ⠫-
    . ।⠢  (1)  㤮  ᫥ :

         Fi = F40 / 16 * 2 7%0 ((i - 1) / 12)                 (3)

        : F40/16 -  ᠬ     㪮鸞  F1,  
   ஢  16 ࠧ   ⠫ F40=440 ;
        i -  1  90 - 浪  .

          ᫥㥬 㪮鸞 F1 - F90 ࠢ  27,5  -
   4698,6 .  CLK i-  ।  㫥:

         CLKi = Fi * Ki * K40                               (4)

    40=16 - 樥  饣    ⥫, -
   饣  AY (.1).
        祢,         90   ᢮ "⨭"
   CLK,    ,  ன ⭠  㤥  -
   ⭮ 筮.  ⮣ 90  CLK,    ᫨, ᯮ
   ணࠬ ⨭ 1.

                            ⨭ 1.

     10 REM AY-3-8910/12
     20 LET I=0: LET R=65533: FOR N=1 T0 8
     30 FOR M=1 TO 23 STEP 2
.
i1.14
                                   - 46 -

   1        -        
   3

     40 IF M=7 THEN LET N=N+1
     50 LET A$="O"+"012345678"(N)+"N10"+
                                    " A#A B C#C D#D E F#F G#G"(M TO M+1)"
     60 PLAY A$
     70 OUT R,0: LET T=IN R: OUT R,1: LET G=IN R
     80 IF T=255 OR G=255 THEN GO TO 70
     90 LET I=I+1: LET K=T+256*G
    100 LET F=440/16*27%0((I-1)/12)
    110 LET CLK=F*K*16
    120 IF I>90 THEN STOP
    130 PRINT A$( TO 2);A$(6 TO );"F";I;" K=";K;" CLK=";CLK;" Hz"
    140 NEXT M: LET N=N-1: NEXT N

         ࠡ 㤮 ।⠢    ⮣ࠬ  (.2).
   ⮣ࠬ -  䨪,  ਧ⠫쭮  ண ⫮ -
   㥬 稭 (  砥  CLK),    ⨪쭮   -
      ७  롮થ  ࠭祭 ⢠ -
    (  砥  90 "⨭" CLK).
         ⮣ࠬ  뤥 ࠡ ,   室 80 
     89%   祭,   ᢮     "䠫訢"
   ,   ।쭮 让 ࠧ CLK. 襥 ᫮ "-
   "  室      1773000  - 1774000  (31 祭 
   34%), ᫥⥫쭮     ⭠ CLK.

             25. । ᪨ ᭮  CLK.

        ⨭ 1  ᫨ 90 祭 CLK.   ॠ쭮 -
    CLK    ,  ⮬   㤥  -
   " ⠪",  譮.
        樥  Ki,    128, 뫨  - -
   ⮤ ࠭ ⠭ ணࠬ⠬   .  
   ⮩ ⮤,     ⭮ -   樥
    ᫨ । ᪨ ᭮  CLK.
        ਬ, 樥    F1 "" 㡪ப⠢ -
    4031,  4031,   4030  4032. ⮬  ᫨ 
    CLK:

         CLK400  = 27.5  * 4031 * 16 = 1773640 
         CLK4min0= 27.5  * 4030 * 16 = 1773200 
         CLK4max0= 27.5  * 4032 * 16 = 1774080 

        ᯮ 祭   ,    .3.
        ᪨ ᭮ ࢠ 㤥 뢠  ࢠ  
   ⠬ MIN  MAX,  ।塞  ᫮ ࠢ⢠ 䬮 -
   襭 :

        MINi = Fi * K40 * SQR (Ki * (Ki - 1)) = 1773420  ( F1)
        MAXi = Fi * K40 * SQR (Ki * (Ki + 1)) = 1773860  ( F1)

    SQR - ⥬᪠ 㭪 " ७".
.
i1.18
                                   - 47 -

                                        1        -        
   3

L+
     31                              *                         31
     30                              *                         30
     29                              *                         29
     28                              *                         28
     27                       *                  27
     26                              *                         26
     25     ""             *            "" 25
     24                             *                        24
     23       6                  *              4      23
     22                             *                        22
     21     1741000             *            1788000 21
     20                             *                        20
     19     1761000             **           1801000 19
     18                             **                       18
     17                             **                       17
     16                              **                        16
     15                       **                   15
     14                       **                   14
     13           #               **            # #        13
     12                           **                       12
     11             #               **                       11
     10                             **                       10
      9                            ***                        9
      8O   O      O O O   O         ***           O O O       O 8
      78   7      7 7 7   6         ***           7 7 7       8 7
      6C   A      F G G   A         ****          F A D       D 6
      5           # #     #         ****            # #         5
      4                           * ****                        4
      3--------------------       * ****          ------------- 3
      2                       *   *******                       2
      1*   *      * * *   *  **** *******   **    * * *       * 1
     >
       1         1         1         1         1         1         1 CLK
       7         7         7         7         7         7         8
       4         5         6         7         8         9         0
       0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
       0         0         0         0         0         0         0
       0         0         0         0         0         0         0
       0       0       0       0       0       0       0

                                   .2.
L-


               CLK4min0        CLK400          CLK4max
        --------*------*------*------*------*--------> f ()
                      MIN           MAX

                                   .3.
.
i1.18
                                   - 48 -

   1        -        
   3

        ਢ ਬ ⠭  ᠬ   ,    ன
   ᪨  ࢠ CLK ᠬ .  ⮬  ⢥ত,
   ,  ᫨ 樥 1 ࠭ த㬠,   ந쭮,  "-
   ⨭"  CLK 室  । MIN-MAX,     ࠭ 㣮
   樥.  筮   90   ᫨ ࢠ MI-
   Ni-MAXi, ᮢ    㣮     ᬮ, 
    ࢠ   殢 ⠭ 騬  .
        ᫥   ,    
   MERGE ⨭ 1 ப  ⨭ 2.

                            ⨭ 2.

     10 LET e=1E-7: LET min=e: LET max=1/e
    120 IF I<91 THEN GO TO 150
    130 PRINT "MIN=";min;" Hz  MAX=";max;" Hz": STOP
    150 LET mi=F*16*SQR (K*(K-1))
    160 LET ma=F*16*SQR (K*(K+1))
    170 IF mi-max>e OR min-ma>e THEN PRINT "ERROR F";I,"K=";K: GO TO 140
    180 IF mi-min>e THEN LET min=mi
    190 IF max-ma>e THEN LET max=ma
    200 GO TO 140

        ࠡ ⠢ 㬠, 騩 ࢠ  90 :

            MIN=1773441.5             MAX=1773520   

   訡筠  "-"  ⠢ (F31,  ⠢ 03). ᫨ 
   訡  樥  31=712  713,   ࢠ MIN-MAX ⠭
   ०,  訡 祧.
         ᫥ ⨯ 樨   [5], 뢠-
   騥,     樥⮢   "᪨"  ᫠,
     ᢥ   譮    ।-
    室 .
        뢠,     饣 鸞 樥⮢  -
    㣨 樨 ᥫ,    ࢠ MIN-MAX  -
        ⮣ࠬ   訡 樥
   (⠡ 2).
L+
                                                               2.
   Ŀ
      K1    K6   K17  K31     MIN - MAX,    dF, 
   Ĵ
    ४樨 4031  3020 1600  712  1773441 - 1773520 ERR.F31
        31      4031  3020 1600  713  1773441 - 1773520   79   
        6       4031  3019 1600  712  1773420 - 1773423    3   
      6, 31    4031  3019 1600  713  1773423 - 1773441   18   
      1, 6     4030  3019 1600  712  1773414 - 1773420    6   
    1, 6, 17  4030  3019 1599  712  1773395 - 1773414   19   
   
L-
.
i1.18
                                   - 49 -

                                        1        -        
   3

         ⠡ 2 ,   ப ࢠ dF=MAX-MIN -
    ਠ  ४樥 31   F31. 㬠,   
   樥⮢ -128 ணࠬ⠬     ஢
    ⨬,  樥 31  饭  .
        室     ப ࢠ dF 祢.
         室  CLK  㯠 殢 .  筮 ன
   ᮢ६  楢  १஢  1-20        (7+05  -
   7+015)*1-6   㬭 १஢   (7+010 - 7+050)*1-6  
   ଥ⨧஢.    "1-6" - ᫮ "   ⮩
   ⥯".
            1,77  ⨬ ⪫ ⠢ 
   7+08  7+088 .
        ⥫쭮, ⭮   ᫥   ਧ      CLK   =
   (17734807+040)     筮 ன 楢 १  㦥
   7+020*1-6. 樥 31   㢥祭  713.

               26. । ᮫ 譮⥩ .

         ⨥ ᮫⭮ 譮 砭 .   -
   稭,   ⫨砥 砭 "쭮"  (1)  ॠ쭮.
         몠 ࢠ 㤮   業,  ᮫⭠
   譮 i-⮩  ।  㫥:

        Si = 1200 * log420 (Fi / Fi(0))                     (5)

         Si - ᮫⭠ 譮,  業;
        Fi - ॠ쭠  ;
        Fi(0) - "쭠"  .
         ⮨  ⮬,  ⮡    CLK  ࠡ祩
     ⮣ࠬ  .2  ᫨ ᨢ  90 祭 譮⥩
   Si  ஠஢ १ ⮤ "१".  "१"  -    
    砥 । ஢ 譮  業.
        ⠭⭮ 鸞  "१"  ,  ⮬  -
   짮 ᢥ묨 ᢥﬨ: "1 業" -  譮 ਡ
    ன 몠 㬥⮢;  "3 業" - 쭠  -
   譮,  ᯮᮡ ࠧ 祫   [3]; "5 業⮢" -
   ᨬ쭠 譮 ⠭  ⮭  [6];  "10, 20 業-
   ⮢" - ந쭮  楫᫥ 祭  譮⥩.
        ணࠬ  , ந ᫥ ᨢ 譮-
   ⥩  "१",  砥, ᫨  १ MERGE ப  -
   ⨭ 3  ⨭ 1.

                            ⨭ 3.

     10 DIM C(90): LET e=1E-7
    120 IF I>90 THEN GO TO 140
    130 LET C(I)=CLK
    150 FOR Z=1 TO 12 STEP 2
.
i1.20
                                   - 50 -

   1        -        
   3

    160 IF Z=7 THEN LET Z=10
    170 IF Z=12 THEN LET Z=20
    180 FOR C=1770000 TO 1778000 STEP 500
    190 LET CENT=0: FOR I=1 TO 90
    200 LET S=ABS (1200/LN 2*LN (C/C(I)))
    210 IF Z-S>e THEN LET CENT=CENT+1
    220 NEXT I
    230 PRINT "CENT<";Z;"  L=";INT (CENT*100/90+0.5);
                                               "%  CLK=";C;" Hz"
    240 NEXT C: NEXT Z

         ࠡ   ணࠬ  뢮    ଥ:  CENT<1  L=4%
   CLK=1770000 Hz.  砥,    CLK ࠢ 1770000  
   90  4%  ᮫ 譮 砭  1 業.
         來 祭 १ ਢ  ⠡.3.

L+
                                                              3.
     Ŀ
                                 CLK,                      
              Ĵ
                1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1   
                7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7   
      ""   7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7  7   
                0  0  1  1  2  2  3  3  4  4  5  5  6  6  7  7  8   
                0  5  0  5  0  5  0  5  0  5  0  5  0  5  0  5  0   
                0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   
                0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   
     Ĵ
      1 業    4  7  7 11 14 29 44 49 56 40 28 16  9  6  2  1  0 % 
      3 業  22 39 54 66 72 76 79 76 77 74 74 66 64 46 38 17 12 % 
      5 業⮢ 78 81 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 81 77 78 78 77 68 67 % 
     10 業⮢ 88 87 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89 88 88 86 86 86 % 
     20 業⮢ 96 96 96 96 97 97 96 96 96 96 94 94 94 94 93 93 93 % 
     
L-

         ,  ⭠  CLK=1773480   窨 ७ -
   㬠 ᮫ 譮⥩   ⨬쭮! , , -
     ⨬쭮   ⮫쪮   "१".
        ਬ, ⮡  ᨬ 業  ,  㤮⢮
   ॡ  (5 業⮢),  CLK    । 1771000
   - 1771500   ..
        । १ ⠡ 2,     -
     CLK  1771500 - 1775000 ,   ⮬  ᭨  ⪨
   ࠭祭  筮 ன 楢 १.
        㬥,  ଥ  ZXSpectrum-128    ஢
   ⮩  CLK   뫮,  ᪮  奬 ⪮ ਢ易  
   楢 .
.
i1.14
                                   - 51 -

                                        1        -        
   3

        27.  ⭮⥫ 譮⥩ 몠 ࢠ.

        ஬ ᮫ 譮⥩, 㪠뢠,  ᪮쪮 ⫨
     "⨭"  ,    ⭮⥫ 譮-
    몠 ࢠ.
        몠쭠    뢠  ᫥⥫묨  ࢠ
    ⠢騬  ⮭.   몠쭮 ࢠ  ࠪ୮
   ।  ⭮襭   㪮.   ⭮襭  
   㪠    㧭.
        ਬ, ७      -   ந 
   묨 㪠 ( ᮪  ),    ࠭ -
   襭  ⮭   ࢠ.  ࠪ   ⮬ 
     ᪠.
         뤥  12 ᭮ 몠 ࢠ  । -
   ⠢ [7]:   ᥪ㭤 (1 ⮭)  ⠢ (12 ⮭).
        , ᪮쪮  䠫訢    12 ࢠ 
   ।  㪮鸞  90   㫠 (6). 㫠 -
      㤥  ᨬ   CLK,  ⠪  ࠢ
   ⭮襭 , 騥 ⮫쪮  樥⮢ .

        dS(i,x) = 1200 *log420 (Ki / K(i + x)) - 100 * x    (6)

      1  12 - ⢮ ⮭  몠쭮 ࢠ;
       i  1  (90-) - 浪  .

        ᫥ ⭮⥫ 譮⥩  㫥 (6)  믮-
   ,  ᮥ १ MERGE ⨭ 4  ⨭ 3.   -
   ᫥ ਢ  ⠡ 4.

                                ⨭ 4.

    130 LET C(I)=K
    180 FOR X=1 TO 12
    200 LET S=ABS (1200/LN 2*LN (C(I)/C(I+X))-100*X)
    215 IF I+X=90 THEN GO TO 230
    230 PRINT "CENT<";Z;"  L=";INT (CENT*100/I+0.5);"%  MUZ=";X
    240 NEXT X: NEXT Z

L+
                                                              4.
    Ŀ
                 (⢮ ⮭)        
     "" Ĵ      
              1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  L।.
    Ĵ
     1 業  49  45  47  47  39  39  39  48  40  39  47  63 %45.2 %
     3 業 66  58  70  69  67  65  71  72  73  59  65  76 %67.6 %
     5 業⮢76  76  79  74  72  74  76  76  81  76  73  78 %75.9 %
    10 業⮢88  88  85  85  87  82  87  87  89  89  86  83 %86.3 %
    20 業⮢93  93  93  94  94  96  94  93  96  94  96  90 %93.8 %
    
L-
.
i1.16
                                   - 52 -

   1        -        
   3

        ।   "१" 몠 ࢠ 筮 ࠢ-
   ୮.   ।   筮   ⠢ (=12), 
    筮 -  ᥯⨬ (=10),   (=5).
        ਬ୮    ࢠ  㪮拉 祫  -
    宬 ⭥  䠫訢 ("१" 3 業).  ஬ ⮣, -
     7% 祭  訡  20 業⮢. 祢,  ਧ-
     몠  ᮯ  ⠫ 筨 㪠  
   㪮鸞 .
          [5],  ⭮ ᨬ쭮 樥 -
    (1=4031)  ⨬ 樥  Ki  (opt),  
    ⭮⥫ 譮:

        Ki(opt) = INT (K1 / 27%0(i-1)/12)                     (7)

    INT - 㭪 㣫  襣 楫 ᫠.
          १ MERGE ப  ⨭ 5    ⨭  1  
   ࠢ ⨬ 樥  騬  ZX-Spectrum-128.

                            ⨭ 5.

    120 IF I=1 THEN LET K1=K
    130 IF I<91 THEN GO TO 160
    150 STOP
    160 LET Kopt=INT (0.5+K1/27%0((I-1)/12))
    170 IF Kopt<>K THEN PRINT "ERROR F";I;"  K=";K;"  K(opt)=";Kopt
    180 GO TO 140

         㪠뢠      ⨬  .     
   2=3805, 4=3390, 13=2016, 15=1796, 31=713.
        ᫨ ஢  譮⥩ 몠 ࢠ   -
   㫥 (6)  ⨬ 樥⮢,  ᭨,   ࠧ-
    ⮫쪮  襭 ࠬ஢  "१" 1 業 - 뫮  L=45.2%,
   ⠫   L=46.5%.  ⥫쭮,  樥  ,    
   -128,   ⨬.

                                 28. 뢮.

        1. 몠 ᮯ  AY-3-8910/12    ।祭  
   ⠫  ந 㪠  ப  .   -
   ⨬  CLK=1-2  [4] ⭠    ୮
    ⠢ ᥣ 62-125  ᫥⢨    16 -
    몠쭮 ᮯ (.1).
           祭 樥⮢   ᮪ 
   (90=24)        ᨬ쭠   譮   㣫   [5]:
   d=0.5/K90*100%=2,1%.
        2. ⭮  祭    CLK    ZX-Spectrum-128  ࠢ
   1773480   筮 7+020*1-6,  ⮬ 樥 31 ᫥ 
   㢥  .  31=713,  祩 #10D2   -0:    #8,
     #9.
.
i1.16
                                   - 53 -

                                        1        -        
   3

          ࠪ⨪ 襭 砭  F31  ⭮ -
    CLK ⠢ ᥣ 0,05 業,    䨪஢  -
   묨 ⥫묨 ਡࠬ.  ⮬ 訢 128   
     ய          
   ஡ ᮢ⨬ .
         ஥஢    ⥬    몠묨 ᮯࠬ
   ᫥ ஢ ।⥫쭮 ⥬᪮ ஢  楫
   । ⨬ 樥⮢ .
        3.  筮  몠쭮 ᮯ  ᠬ -
     㪮鸞,  䠫訢 - ᠬ 孨. ᮫ -
   譮 砭   CLK=1773480  ਢ  ⠡ 5.

L+
                                                             5.
      Ŀ
         00   01   02   03   04   05   06   07   08  
      Ĵ
         <0.2 <0.4 <0.7 <1.6 <3.3 <5.8 <12.9<27.1<31.6
      
L-

        ᯮ짮   몠  ந   ⢥⮩ (07) 
   ⮩ (08) ⠢ 楫ᮮࠧ,  ⠪   襭 ⥫
     䠫.   ⮣ࠬ .2 ᫥ 10 "䠫訢" ,
      ४ ਬ.
        4.    ⤥쭮 楢    CLK
     १騥 ᮫ 譮  , 祬 
   ଥ ZX-Spectrum-128.  祭 ⨬쭮  롨ࠥ 
    ⠡.3   1771500 - 1775000 .  奬 祭 -
   쭮      믮    ਢ 
   [1],   ⮬ ᫥  樥  稪 40 ᮣ-
   ᭮ ⠡ 6.

L+
                                                              6.
    Ŀ
     N        .40  CLK 
    Ĵ
     1  169-8-12399,5   7+0 30 * 1-6    7    1771357   
     2  172--1-8862,9     7+0 15 * 1-6    5    1772580   
     3  100-4-8866,99     7+0  5 * 1-6    5    1773398   
     4  100-4-8867,24     7+0  5 * 1-6    5    1773448   
     5  100-4-12425       7+0  5 * 1-6    7    1775000   
     6  100-4-17734,47    7+0  5 * 1-6   10    1773447   
    
L-

        5. ᫨ 祭 CLK 㤥 室  ࠡ祩  .2,  
    ᮫ 譮⥩,    ⠪   ,  ᫥
      ⭮⥫ 譮,  । -
    .
         祭   ⭮⥫ 譮⥩ 몠
   ࢠ ᫥   祭  樥⮢    2,
.
i1.20
                                   - 54 -

   1        -        
   3

   4,  13,  15, 31. ⢥⢥  祩 -0: #1098  #DC
    #DD;  #109C  #3D  #3E;  #10AE  #DF  #E0;  #10B2 c #03  #04;
   #10D2 c #C8  #C9.
         襭    㤥 ⭮, ⠪   -
    ⮫쪮 "१"  1 業. ஬ ⮣,  F2 - F15 । ᯮ-
     ࠪ⨪.
           -⠪  樥  -128   -
    筮 砭 몠 ࢠ,   ᤥ    १
   饥 "⥭" .
        6. ᫨ ⠪⮢  CLK ࠢ 1  ,    AY-  㤥
         ⠢ (10 ⮭).
        ᫨ CLK ࠢ 2 ,    - 㪨   ਬ୮ 
   2 ⮭ (208 業⮢).
           ⭮⥫ 몠 譮    
     CLK, 祬   䥭 ᮪ 㧭 
    ப ஢ ⠪⮢ .
        7.   ப  ࠭  奬  ஢ 128  -
   -128    㤠묨  ᫥  ਧ  襭    CLK=1,75  
   ("-TURBO-2"    MicroART,  ᠬ 좮᪨ ਠ 128 
   ..).
         ⮬      㤥   ࠢ  ଥ
   ZX-Spectrum-128  23 業   1,3%.
        ᮫ 譮  砭   80  ࠡ祩  ⮣-
   ࠬ ⠢  15  30 業⮢   0,9%   1,7%.  ⭮⥫
   譮 몠 ࢠ । 묨 ⠡ 5  
    ⫨    ଥ .

                                2.

        1. 㭣஢ .  ᪮쪮 ன  "". - ZX- 1994,
   N6, .17-18.
        2.  .  ᮡ 祭 AY-3-8910   .  -
   "⥫", 1994, N3, .13.
        3. ⨪.  ࠢ筨 / .. 䨬  .  ।. .. -
   . - .:   , 1989.
        4. ⥬ ணࠬ  ZX-Spectrum-128K. ࠢ筨. - .:"VA
   PRINT", 1993.
        5. ᥥ .  롮 樥⮢   .  -  "",
   1990, N3, .63-64.
        6.  .  ᭮ 孨᪨ ॡ  .  - "",
   1980, N2, .42.
        7. ᪨ 横᪨ ᫮ / .।.  ..஢. -
   .: . 横, 1987.












